API 650 aboveground petroleum storage tanks with flat bottoms

API standard 650, Welded Tanks for Oil Storage, Thirteenth Edition, has been published to ensure the safety, sustainability, and environmental performance of API 650 aboveground petroleum storage tanks oil storage tanks. The updated standard will help continue operational excellence and trust between operators and manufacturers.

The main reason of "small breathing" loss of API 650 aboveground petroleum storage tanks is the change of atmospheric temperature. When the temperature rises with the increase of solar radiation from dawn, the temperature of oil in the API 650 aboveground petroleum storage tanks also changes, resulting in the acceleration of evaporation speed and the increase of evaporation pressure. When the pressure exceeds the positive pressure rating of the breathing valve, the oil-gas mixture in the API 650 aboveground petroleum storage tanks is discharged into the atmosphere through the breathing valve, which is the "exhalation" process of the oil tank.

API 620 Tank Design
The designer of these large tanks API 650 aboveground petroleum storage tanks shall supply the data on superimposed loadings to be assumed for the foundation design or, if there are no foundations, for direct loading on the subgrade. A slab or mat may be provided to support the superstructure and shall be considered to distribute the load more evenly over a lower natural subgrade compared with merely stripping, leveling, and rolling the existing grade.
For simple spheroids or tanks of similar design, in which the distribution of the imposed weights shifts because the liquid level in combination with the vapor pressure may change the shape of the tank, the designer shall consider the possibility of such a change.

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