API Std 650 fixed roof tanks toughness requirements of plates
API 650 is the standard for welded tanks for oil storage. It specifies the API Std 650 Fixed roof tanks design, manufacturing, welding, inspection and installation requirements of oil tanks. API 650 is widely used in storage tanks with internal pressure less than or equal to 2.5 PSI.
Large-scale vertical API Std 650 fixed roof tanks mostly use internal tank bottom heating coils to heat the medium stored in the storage tanks. The heating coils are mostly smooth tube structures arranged in an annular circle along the bottom of the API Std 650 fixed roof tanks. Commonly used heating methods include hot oil circulation heating method and hot water steam circulation heating method. The hot oil circulation heating method is to continuously extract part of the liquid medium from the storage tank, and then return it to the container to mix with the medium in the tank after heating, and the heat is quickly transferred through mechanical stirring.
Proof Tests for Establishing Allowable Working PressuresBecause pressures in liquid storage tanks built according to these rules vary quite markedly from the tops to the bottoms of the tanks, proof testing of these tanks presents problems not usually encountered in the construction of unfired pressure vessels–especially where the API Std 650 fixed roof tanks parts under investigation are located near the bottoms of the tanks. The principal difficulty is devising a test or series of tests that will reliably establish the working pressure that can be permitted on the part of the unproven design without, at the same time, imposing hazardous conditions on other parts located at higher levels in the tank.
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The trend of international shipping development of large-scale ships and strategic joint ventures puts forward higher requirements for modern ports. Modern ports no longer use the general cargo throughput as a measure sign, and container throughput will become the main sign to measure the role and status of modern ports. The average container capacity in 2000 is 3200teu, and it is expected to be 5500teu in 2020.
