Design and construction requirements for API standard 650 open top welded storage tanks

Preheat Treatment
Many laboratory tests have shown preheat treatment of carbon steel to 300°F-400°F to be the equivalent of the post-heat treatment at no less than 1100°F insofar as the physical properties of the weldment are concerned.40,41 Some tests have indicated a slight advantage of the post-heat treatment. Most of the tests have been made on plates 3/4 in. - 1 in. thick; results must be viewed with caution if preheating is applied appreciably beyond this thickness range. However, for all practical purposes, improvement resulting from preheating is sufficiently well established so that preheat should be considered for field fabrication of API 620 crude oil tank plates over 3/4-in. thick whenever toughness of the tank API standard 650 open top welded storage tanks is highly desired and the thermal post-heat treatment is impractical.

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Atmospheric API standard 650 open top welded storage tanks refer to storage tanks whose gas or vapor pressure is greater than -0.02MPa but less than 0.1MPa. Metal atmospheric storage tanks made of steel welded on the ground are often used to store petroleum, chemical and other similar liquids. Atmospheric API standard 650 open top welded storage tanks usually have a connecting pipe directly connected to the atmosphere, so that the operating pressure in the storage tank does not exceed the design pressure at all times.