API 650 storage tanks hydrostatic test

Shell Stiffening Rings for Tanks That Contain Liquid
Internal or external shell stiffening rings may be required to maintain roundness when the tank is subjected to wind, vacuum, or other specified loads. When API 650 storage tanks stiffening rings are required, the stiffener-to-shell weld details shall be in accordance with Figure Q-1 and Q.3.5.2 through Q.3.5.5.
Three-plate laps or butt-weld junctions in tank bottoms shall be not closer than 12 in. from each other or from the butt-welds of the annular plates.
Bottom plates, other than annular bottom plates for a 9% or 5% nickel steel or stainless steel tank that contains liquid, may have a minimum thickness of 3/16 in. exclusive of any specified corrosion allowance.

Pipeline transportation of API 650 oil tank is not less than the maximum consumption of 3 to 5 days. The daily operating time of API 650 storage tanks office buildings and fuel oil equipment is 12-16 hours; for high-end residential hotel buildings, the daily operating time is 16-24 hours.

Due to the volatility of oil products, the volatile consumption of oil products is inevitable in the storage process of large oil storage tanks such as API 650 storage tanks. The volatilization of oil causes economic losses and pollution to the environment. Especially in the open air environment, large-scale oil storage tanks in the petrochemical industry will continue to accumulate energy when exposed to the sun, causing their surface and interior to heat up rapidly, causing sun overheating, and accelerating the volatilization of oil. How to effectively reduce the volatile consumption of large oil storage tanks?