Soil-structure interaction effects for API standard 650 aluminum tanks

API 650 is the standard for welded tanks for oil storage. It specifies the API standard 650 aluminum tanks design, manufacturing, welding, inspection and installation requirements of oil tanks. API 650 is widely used in storage tanks with internal pressure less than or equal to 2.5 PSI.

In this project, an elemental area of API 620 oil storage tank wall is constructed of ASTM A516 Grade 55 steel plate subjected to a meridional unit force, T1, of 2620 lbf/in. tension and a latitudinal unit force, T2, of 2880 lbf/in. compression. The meridional radius of curvature, R1, is 132 in., and the length of the normal from the surface to the axis of revolution, R2, is 409 in. The joints in the wall are spot-radiographed, double-welded butt joints, and no corrosion allowance is required.
The problem in this example is to graphically find the minimum thickness of tank wall required for the given conditions (see API 620 tank standard 5.10.3.3).
Solution: As determined from Table 5-1, the maximum, allowable tensile stress value, Sts, for ASTM A516 Grade 55 steel plate in simple tension is 16,500 lbf/in.2. Since the compressive stress is latitudinal, the governing value of R for this situation is R1, or 132 in.

Strictly controlling the temperature in the API standard 650 aluminum tanks can effectively reduce the volatile consumption of oil in large oil storage tanks. Because the higher the temperature in the oil storage tank, the stronger the activity of oil molecules and the greater the volatilization consumption of the oil. Therefore, the temperature in the API standard 650 aluminum tanks must be reduced as much as possible. It is possible to reduce the direct sunlight temperature by painting white anticorrosive paint with good light reflectivity. It is also possible to use spray equipment to wash the top and wall of the API standard 650 aluminum tanks with water flow to reduce the volatilization consumption of the oil in the storage tank.

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