API standard 650 flat-bottom steel tanks metal temperature during hydrostatic testing
storage tanks API standard 650 flat-bottom steel tanks built to these standards are spread across U.S. refineries, terminals, pipelines, and production facilities. The API 650 petroleum storage tank detailed standard specifies the design, processing, welding, inspection and installation procedures of the storage tank.
When the API standard 650 flat-bottom steel tanks top shell course is the minimum thickness indicated in 5.10.4, Table 5-6 and Figure 5-6, details a – e, h and i, the minimum anchorage shall be designed for normal loads as specified by the Purchaser and by this standard. See 5.11.2.3 for the allowable stress. When the top shell course is thickened beyond the minimum thickness provided in Table 5-6 or as in Figure 5-6, details f and g, or a knuckle is used, the minimum anchorage shall be designed for three times the internal design pressure. The allowable stress for this loading is 90% of the minimum specified yield strength of anchorage material.
Under the condition of static storage without receiving and sending operation, the temperature of gas space, evaporation rate, depth and pressure of vapor in the API standard 650 flat-bottom steel tanks will change with the change of temperature and pressure in a day. The oil loss caused by the process of discharging oil vapor and inhaling air gas is called "small breathing" loss, which is also called static storage loss of oil tanks.
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