API 650 carbon and low-alloy steel tanks dynamic liquid hoop forces

Usually, the soil resistance of the foundation should be considered before the design and construction of API 650 carbon and low-alloy steel tanks. The soil endurance in the API 650 carbon and low-alloy steel tanks construction area plays a decisive role in the basic cost of the tank. In areas with high soil resistance, not only the cost of foundation treatment can be greatly reduced, but also the ratio of height to diameter of storage tank can be obtained. Therefore, the investment cost of the API 650 carbon and low-alloy steel tanks can be greatly saved in the area with large soil resistance.

Shell Stiffening Rings for Tanks That Contain Liquid
Internal or external shell stiffening rings may be required to maintain roundness when the tank is subjected to wind, vacuum, or other specified loads. When API 650 carbon and low-alloy steel tanks stiffening rings are required, the stiffener-to-shell weld details shall be in accordance with Figure Q-1 and Q.3.5.2 through Q.3.5.5.
Three-plate laps or butt-weld junctions in tank bottoms shall be not closer than 12 in. from each other or from the butt-welds of the annular plates.
Bottom plates, other than annular bottom plates for a 9% or 5% nickel steel or stainless steel tank that contains liquid, may have a minimum thickness of 3/16 in. exclusive of any specified corrosion allowance.

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Compared with the fixed roof API 650 oil storage tank without API 650 carbon and low-alloy steel tanks floating roof, there is no evaporation space. In principle, this eliminates the so-called "large breathing loss". Evaporation not only causes the loss of product quantity, but also affects the quality of API 650 carbon and low-alloy steel tanks product and pollutes the environment.